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ASTROPHYSICS
INTRODUCTION - CHAPTER ONE
Pulsars were discovered in 1967 by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish.
A few days after their discovery, Dr. Eastlund was invited to attend a special
meeting at the United States State Department by Frank Drake of Arecibo.
In attendance were Tommy Gold and Van Allen amongst others. The data
were at first thought to be a possible advanced situation and the source was
dubbed LGM-1.
Upon presentation of the time dependence of the data, Dr. Eastlund noted
similarities to the radio emissions from a controlled fusion research device
called the Astron at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. At the meeting, he
suggested that the star could be emitting coherent synchrotron radiation from
unstable electron bunches. He was 26 at the time, and noticed that Van Allen
wrote this idea in his notebook. Upon returning to his office at the Atomic
Energy Commission, he related this event to Dr. Amasa Bishop, the director of
the Controlled Thermonuclear Research program and his superior. Dr. Bishop
told him to immediately send a paper into Nature on the theory. Dr. Eastlund
did so. It was the fourth paper in Nature on pulsars. ( B. J. Eastlund, "Oblique
Rotator and Pulsar Radiation", Nature, V. 220, pp. 1293-1296, Dec. 28, 1968.)
Other publications and invited papers followed:
B. J. Eastlund, "Theory of Coherent Cerenkov Radiation Production by High
Intensity Electron Beams", Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 11, pp. 15-20, 1971.
B. J. Eastlund, "Low Mode Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Pulsar
Models", invited paper at IAU Symposium on the Crab Nebula, 1971.
B. J. Eastlund, "Low Mode Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Pulsar
Phenomena Including Finite Beta Parallel Effects", International Pulsar
Symposium", Q. N. 162, Academic Nationale Dei Lincei, Roma, 1972.
B. J. Eastlund and B. Miller, "An Atlas of Stokes Parameters Based on a
Synchrotron Radiation Model", Bulletin of AAS, 1979.
B. Miller and B. J. Eastlund, "Synchrotron Radiation from an Oblique
Rotator and Its Application to Pulsars", Physical Review Letters,
Vol. 34, pp. 902-905, April 7, 1975.
Dr. Eastlund, (and B. Miller his collaborator on the last two papers) went on to
professional activities in government and industry.
Pulsars were discovered in 1967 by Jocelyn Bell Burnell and Antony Hewish.
A few days after their discovery, Dr. Eastlund was invited to attend a special
meeting at the United States State Department by Frank Drake of Arecibo.
In attendance were Tommy Gold and Van Allen amongst others. The data
were at first thought to be a possible advanced situation and the source was
dubbed LGM-1.
Upon presentation of the time dependence of the data, Dr. Eastlund noted
similarities to the radio emissions from a controlled fusion research device
called the Astron at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. At the meeting, he
suggested that the star could be emitting coherent synchrotron radiation from
unstable electron bunches. He was 26 at the time, and noticed that Van Allen
wrote this idea in his notebook. Upon returning to his office at the Atomic
Energy Commission, he related this event to Dr. Amasa Bishop, the director of
the Controlled Thermonuclear Research program and his superior. Dr. Bishop
told him to immediately send a paper into Nature on the theory. Dr. Eastlund
did so. It was the fourth paper in Nature on pulsars. ( B. J. Eastlund, "Oblique
Rotator and Pulsar Radiation", Nature, V. 220, pp. 1293-1296, Dec. 28, 1968.)
Other publications and invited papers followed:
B. J. Eastlund, "Theory of Coherent Cerenkov Radiation Production by High
Intensity Electron Beams", Nuclear Fusion, Vol. 11, pp. 15-20, 1971.
B. J. Eastlund, "Low Mode Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Pulsar
Models", invited paper at IAU Symposium on the Crab Nebula, 1971.
B. J. Eastlund, "Low Mode Coherent Synchrotron Radiation and Pulsar
Phenomena Including Finite Beta Parallel Effects", International Pulsar
Symposium", Q. N. 162, Academic Nationale Dei Lincei, Roma, 1972.
B. J. Eastlund and B. Miller, "An Atlas of Stokes Parameters Based on a
Synchrotron Radiation Model", Bulletin of AAS, 1979.
B. Miller and B. J. Eastlund, "Synchrotron Radiation from an Oblique
Rotator and Its Application to Pulsars", Physical Review Letters,
Vol. 34, pp. 902-905, April 7, 1975.
Dr. Eastlund, (and B. Miller his collaborator on the last two papers) went on to
professional activities in government and industry.
GAMMA PULSARS- CHAPTER 2-GAMMA PULSARS
In 1992, Dr. Eastlund read a Science News Article on the gamma ray pulses from the Geminga Pulsar. The article
described a frequency dependence of pulse separation that difficult to explain with the "lighthouse" beaming pulsar
radiation model. One of the scientists mentioned in the article was Dr. F.Curtis Michel of Rice University. Dr.
Eastlund visited him to explain that his theory would describe the frequency dependence. Dr. Michel had referenced
the early Eastlund papers in a textbook on Pulsars and encouraged further work on the theoretical model. Dr.
Bennet Miller and Dr. Michel worked with Dr. Eastlund over the next few years and the model was compared with the
CRAB pulsar and other pulsars in three Astrophysical Journal Articles:
B. J. Eastlund, B. Miller and F. C. Michel, "Emission from Closed and Filled
Magnetospheric Shells and its Application to the Crab Pulsar, Astrophysical
Journal, v. 483, 857-867, July 10, 1997.
B. Miller and B. J. Eastlund, "Radio Pulsar Emission from Closed and Filled
Magnetospheric Shells, Astrophysical Journal, v. 464, 359-363,June 10, 1996.
B. Eastlund, and B. Miller, "Beams and Cones from Aligned Rotators", 523:L41-L44, September 20, 1999
In 1992, Dr. Eastlund read a Science News Article on the gamma ray pulses from the Geminga Pulsar. The article
described a frequency dependence of pulse separation that difficult to explain with the "lighthouse" beaming pulsar
radiation model. One of the scientists mentioned in the article was Dr. F.Curtis Michel of Rice University. Dr.
Eastlund visited him to explain that his theory would describe the frequency dependence. Dr. Michel had referenced
the early Eastlund papers in a textbook on Pulsars and encouraged further work on the theoretical model. Dr.
Bennet Miller and Dr. Michel worked with Dr. Eastlund over the next few years and the model was compared with the
CRAB pulsar and other pulsars in three Astrophysical Journal Articles:
B. J. Eastlund, B. Miller and F. C. Michel, "Emission from Closed and Filled
Magnetospheric Shells and its Application to the Crab Pulsar, Astrophysical
Journal, v. 483, 857-867, July 10, 1997.
B. Miller and B. J. Eastlund, "Radio Pulsar Emission from Closed and Filled
Magnetospheric Shells, Astrophysical Journal, v. 464, 359-363,June 10, 1996.
B. Eastlund, and B. Miller, "Beams and Cones from Aligned Rotators", 523:L41-L44, September 20, 1999